(download RPAC Logo) (download Ohio RPAC Brochure)

Financial assistance is contributed to the campaigns of individuals running for state, local and national office after a thorough review of the candidate's background and position on issues of particular concern to property owners and the real estate professional. Input is received from Local Boards and individual members before contributions are made. All funding decisions for State House or Senate candidates are made by the RPAC Trustees. Local Boards may request money for local candidates out of their Local Board Entitlement. Most boards receive a portion of the money they raise for RPAC back for use in local campaigns. The RPAC Trustees also make recommendations to NAR on contribution for federal candidates. Staff contact: Paul Gasss--glass@ohiorealtors.org or Shauna Darfus--darfus@ohiorealtors.org


2010 Local Board RPAC Information
The goals for each board are calculated by the total number of membership, which is based on dues billing as of 04/30/09, then multiplied by $10.

Non-Deductible Percentages: The Tax Reform Act of 1993 made the portion of dues paid to organizations which is spent to lobby the State and Federal governments non-deductible for income tax purposes and requires this to be disclosed to members on their dues invoice or the organization must pay an excise tax.

For 2010 OAR dues of $110, 18% or $20 is non-deductible for the member's income tax due to OAR lobbying efforts. NAR computes 33% or $26 or their dues to be non-deductible. NAR's $35 public awareness assessment does qualify as deductible dues. The total OAR and NAR non-deductible portion of dues is $46.

Active Military Duty: The waiver of OAR and NAR dues for REALTORS and their spouses called into active militry duty, originally approved for 2002 dues after the 9/11/01 tragedies, has been extended to cover 2010 dues.


Certificates (pdf format) ...

Ohio Club
Capital Club
Diamond Club


NAR/OAR Candidate Questionnaires (pdf format)

NAR Questionnaire
OAR Questionnaire


Fundraising Information: (pdf documents)

RPAC Handbook...The goal of the REALTORS Political Action Committee is to organize the political action constituency. RPAC raises voluntary funds and makes contributions to political candidates at the federal, state and local levels. The RPAC handbook outlines all aspects of the program. For information on the RPAC handbook or the campaign contact Paul Glass at glass@ohiorealtors.org.

RPAC Contribution Form (pdf document)
For distribution purposes, open and print the two-sided form above.

Top 10 Legal Questions on RPAC Fundraising & The One-Third Rule -- article on corporate fundraising rules

RPAC Candidate Contribution Request form (pdf interactive form)


RPAC Fundraising Materials...

For your convenience the following items have been placed online to assist you in your RPAC fundrasing efforts:

Giving little people a voice
RPAC-It's not a dirty word
RPAC-It's our duty to participate
Politics is not a spectators sport
RPAC-Promote it by answering objections
RPAC-Reasons to give
Creating and Implementing A Fundraising Plan
Characteristics of a Superb Fundraiser
How to Conduct a Successful RPAC Auction


Giving little people a voice...
Giving the little people a voice is one of the many benefits associations provide to its members, who individually can only whisper against the wind but collectively roar above the noise.

This month marks a major push in our board's effort to make noise through its annual REALTORS Political Action Committee (RPAC) fundraising campaign. After all, a PAC is nothing more than association of people who band to promote common issues to elected and appointed officials. RPAC is a lot of individuals who want to be heard by the political machine. But a great deal of noise is being made now by those who question the reason for PACs and who want to abolish them. It's a good idea...not!

Before the legalization of PACs, only organized labor, big businesses and the rich could count on getting an audience with our legislators. Now, the little people who give $10 can be part of a larger group which together, can raise a ruckus.

In our industry, each of our members is the president of his or her own small business. Your entrepreneurial skills are required to keep a vigilant eye on profits. Our profits are directly affected by the economy, and the economy is directly affected by the political and governmental process. It's time to affect the process! You make an investment in your business, and here are some very good reasons to make the investment in RPAC:

  • It protects your livelihood.
  • It protects private property rights for all property owners.
  • It helps elect qualified individuals who are willing to listen to REALTOR concerns.
  • It provides access to current elected officials.
  • It gives us visibility and helps promote REALTORS as people who care about the political process.

More importantly, our RPAC dollars come back home and can help our fellow REALTORS in elections for local offices as well as support local issues.

Very impressive accomplishments for a few bucks, don't you think? There are so many reasons to make a investment in RPAC, we can't address them all here. But we can address the reasons we've heard why REALTORS don't contribute.

  1. I don't have the money. Think about losing your right to earn a living in this business the next time you call out for a $10 pizza!
  2. Nobody ever asked me. Okay... we're asking now.
  3. I don't believe in PAC's, or I don't support the candidates RPAC supports, or I disagree with...

Whether you believe in PACs or support the same candidates, or have any other political or philosophical objection, the fact is, RPAC exists and works to protect the rights of all REALTORS as well as property owners.

The bottom line... RPAC is an investment in our business and our livelihoods. Please don't delay, invest in RPAC today.

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It's Not a Dirty Word...

by Darlene B. Breen,
2006 OAR President

The mood of the people was getting ugly: war was imminent. The rebels insisted on their independence. They fought long and hard, a guerilla war against an oppressive government. They fought for their rights, they fought for their freedom.

And when they had won, the elders convened to write some rules for their government. It was to be a government for the people; a government in which the rich did not rule by virtue of their wealth.

To that end, they established rules by which all the people would live. And all the people could choose who they wanted to represent them in the new government. The elders quickly realized that this system could easily lead them down the same path that had created their old oppressive government. The rich would simply use their wealth to influence the people to choose them as representatives, and thus, keep the power. They wanted to avoid the old formula that material wealth yields political power.

So the elders wrote in the new rules that the people could band together, pool their resources and support the representatives they wanted. This, they reasoned, would allow a vast number of people the ability to participate in the political process. In other words, the single person with a thousand dollars could be balanced by a thousand people with only one dollar each.

No more would the rich be able to so easily change their wealth into political power and concentrate that power to control the masses. The people could band togetther as they had during the war to overcome their oppressors.

Did it work? Of course. This is not a story about some third world country gaining its independence in the 20th Century. It's about the United States of America in the 20th Century. It's about the United States of America and the wisdom of our founding Fathers.

It's about that banding together and pooling of resources that today we call political action committees or PACs.

PAC is not a dirty word. It's not a bad thing. In fact, it's a good thing, a necessary thing. Our Founding Fathers thought so and made sure the power to band together and pool resources was part of the new rules. In the Federalist Papers, James Madison encouraged the diversity of political interests as a way to keep the few from controlling the many. And today, there are 4,000 PACs registered in the U.S.

I believe in PACs, especially the one that looks out for my best interest -- RPAC. For a small investment, you, too, can participate in the political process. You can invest in a PAC that protects private property rights for everyone and helps protect your rights to earn a living selling real estate. In the recent past, RPAC has:

  • defeated an effort to establish a $5,000 per unit impact fee on new construction
  • defeated an effort to restrict property tax rollback relief for Ohio home owners
  • defeated legislation to require a 72 hour cooling off period for real property sales
  • passed new license law and agency law legislation

PACs are not bad things. In fact, they are good things, very good things. When I ask for your support of RPAC, I know I'm in good company. Our Founding Fathers expected it of you.

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It's our duty to participate

Owning, renting, developing and disposing of private property in a free market are inalienable rights of every American. REALTORS are fortunate to live and work in the United States, helping the citizens of this country to participate in this process every day.

Think about it: We Americans are lucky! We live in a country where we're not only allowed to be involved in politics; we're actually encouraged to be involved.

George Washington told us, "Government is the offspring of your own choice."

Thomas Jefferson warned, "If only the people become inattentive to public affairs--I, and Congress, and Assemblies, judges and governors shall all become wolves."

Theodore Roosevelt flatly declared that, "The first duty of an American citizen is that he shall work in politics."

And Abraham Lincoln said, "Whenever the people grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right to amend it."

By contrast, more than half the people on earth have no political rights. They live in countries controlled by rulers and systems that harass, imprison -- even put to death -- many of those who try to make their voices heard collectively and politically.

We Americans, however, have unlimited opportunities for political involvement. We are free to vote, to contribute to our choice of candidates, party and political action committees -- such as the REALTORS Political Action Committee (RPAC).

With this opportunity goes the corresponding responsibility to protect the rights of all property owners. The REALTORS Political Action Committee believes that only through REALTOR involvement on the local level can we effectively influence the election of persons to office who are dedicated to the principles of our free enterprise system. RPAC was formed for this very reason -- to organize and promote the REALTOR viewpoint on public policy issues. The political community gives serious consideration to the views of people who participate in the political process. Issues such as private property rights, sign bans, point-of-sale ordinances are too important to leave up to the politicians. These issues scream out for our involvement as REALTORS in RPAC and in our representative form of Democracy. REALTORS, with their vast network of public contacts can be politically effective.

As OAR Past President John Lynch is fond of saying, "Remember this: For all its faults, political advocacy is just like good advertising -- it doesn't cost you money, it makes you money. In fact, your very livelihood and way of life depend upon it. "

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RPAC - Politics is not a Spectator Sport

The (Year) RPAC campaign is well under way, and the (name of) Board of REALTORS is counting on your support in the vigilant battle to protect private property rights.

This is a very important year in the political arena and a very important year for REALTORS and the REALTOR Political Action Committee (RPAC)!

While some REALTORS may have questions about RPAC, the question which most frequently goes unasked is:

  1. What does RPAC do for me?
  2. Or, Why should I give to RPAC?

No one should have to remind you how important RPAC is to our continued success in the real estate industry, but everyone should feel better knowing there are fellow REALTORS out there dedicated to keeping track of how our elected officials protect rights of all property owners.

Without RPAC, legislators would have free reign to take away your rights to make a living! Every detail, from taxes to the forms you will fill out, could well be controlled by people who don't have your best interests at heart. With RPAC, REALTORS have a fighting chance to make their voices heard at the local, state and federal levels of government.

Just last year, RPAC supported candidates on the local level had a success rate of over 90%. That means that REALTOR issues will get a fair hearing throughout Ohio. The list of RPAC accomplishments is very, very lengthy. Although you may not know it, there are people who make sure your rights are protected, but they need your support. What you don't know can hurt you. So won't you please take a moment and write your check to RPAC today.

Face it - politics is not a spectator sport. GET INVOLVED!

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Promoting RPAC by Answering Objections to RPAC

Objection:
I don't believe in giving money to political candidates.
Response:
I'm sure you have insurance on your car, home and business office. Bad legislation passed by Congress, the State Legislature or city council could be more catastrophic financially than the loss of your car, home or business by fire theft or storm. RPAC helps elect officials at the national, state and local levels who support the free enterprise system and private property rights. That's the best insurance that can hurt our livelihood as REALTORS.

Objection:
I already contribute to political candidates on my own.
Response:
You should contribute directly to the candidates of your choice, but you should also contribute through RPAC. An RPAC contribution to a candidate represents our entire profession and our views on legislation that directly affects our industry. Also RPAC may contribute much larger amounts than can most individuals. The more sizable RPAC contribution can often make the difference between victory and defeat for a candidate who is supportive of the real estate industry.

Objection:
I've heard about political action committees, they're just in the business of buying votes.
Response:
RPAC does not buy the votes of politicians. Make no mistake, most candidates and office holders are honorable persons whose votes are not for sale. RPAC helps elect candidates who share our philosophy, or who will at least listen to the REALTOR viewpoint. RPAC supported candidates who are elected will not always support us, of course, but they will usually be more favorable to our point of view than the candidate who ran against them or the incumbent they replaced.

Objection:
I'm a democrat/republican, and I notice RPAC has contributed to candidates of the other party.
Response:
There are Association members at all levels who are active in one or the other political party. That makes our presence felt in both parties. But RPAC itself is nonpartisan in its selection of candidates to support: mere party label is not considered. The record, program and quality of each candidate, plus the recommendations of the Local Associations and State Association, determine who gets RPAC support.

Objection:
I don't like the (so and so) RPAC gave a contribution to.
Response:
Even the national, state and local RPAC trustees who are involved in those decisions do not always agree 100 percent about which candidate to support. However, the trustees have a good deal of information from a variety of sources to assist them in making their decisions. On the state level, trustees count on the input from Local Boards to help them make the contribution decision. Local Boards make all decisions regarding candidates at the local level.

Objection:
I don't like the Association's position on this or that issue.
Response:
You may not agree with a particular position taken by your Association, on a specific issue, but I'm sure you support the basic REALTOR philosophy. The question is, do you want to help elect candidates who hold the same philosophy? If your answer us yes, then RPAC is the best way to do it.

Objection:
If RPAC is so successful, why should I contribute now?
Response:
Protecting private property rights and our ability to do business is an ongoing battle. Those hostile to the real estate industry our always working to undermine the right to hold and use private property. So while RPAC has been successful in advancing the REALTOR position, we must remain strong and ready to assist candidates at every level who support our point of view. Besides, RPAC means working together. In recent years, nearly 45% of all members contributed to RPAC. That means that more than 55% of our members are counting on others to carry the whole load. If every member does his or her share, REALTORS everywhere will benefit.

Objection:
But I'm only in the real estate business part-time.
Response:
If you benefit at all from your real estate activities, you have something to lose if the wrong candidates are elected or the wrong laws passed. We all have an obligation to help protect the industry from which we earn even part of our livelihood. RPAC is one of the best ways to support our industry.

Objection:
Because of the economy, I really can't afford to contribute.
Response:
The economy is a product of the governmental process, and we really can't afford not to get involved. Every penny of your RPAC contribution is used to help elect public officials who understand our economic situation and will be responsive to the economic problems of our industry. When you think about it, making a contribution to RPAC is truly an investment in your livelihood.

Objection:
RPAC supports federal candidates, I'm more interested in state and local candidates.
Response:
Though 30 percent of your RPAC contribution does go to support federal candidates, up to 70 percent will remain right here for use in supporting state and local candidates. By making one contribution to RPAC, you can help support good candidates at the federal and at the state and local levels.

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20 reasons to make an annual contribution to RPAC
Direct access to the legislative process. A bipartisan effort of Ohio REALTORS through RPAC has provided us with a voice clearly heard on both Democrat and Republican sides of any issue. We are recognized as one of the strongest grassroots organizations in Ohio.

OAR is not a single-issue interest group. It represents all issues affecting residential and commercial property owners, individual private property rights and property management concerns.

Property tax reduction. OAR and your local board have consistently fought for property tax relief in Ohio. Whether it be defeating a statewide transfer tax or protecting the 12% property tax rollback relief for all Ohio homeowners, your association, through RPAC remains a major force in this ongoing debate.

Private property rights. OAR, along with a statewide coalition of business, industry and agricultural organizations, initiated legislation that requires state and local governmental agencies to formally assess the merits of a taking's action before moving forward with the taking of someone's private property.

Land use issues. OAR continually works to ensure that the rights of private property owners are protected in legislation and administrative rules in areas such as wetlands, abandoned industrial sites, high risk erosion areas and the rights of private property owners.

Environmental issues. OAR has been successful in passing legislation that brings increased accountability to the Ohio EPA by requiring that cost benefit analysis and scientific documentation be presented when new environmental laws or regulations are being considered.

Transfer taxes. OAR and your local board, has consistently opposed any legislative measure proposed by state and local governments to raise property transfer taxes as a source of revenue.

Impact fees. OAR has been successful in defeating legislative efforts which would have established a $5,000 per unit impact tax on all newly built homes in Ohio, a proposal which would have had disastrous implications for Ohio's homeowners and homebuilders.

Growth limitation policies. OAR has successfully opposed legislation that would have created moratoriums and other prohibitions against development.

Preservation Fees. OAR has defeated repeated legislative attempts to give authority to local governments to assess a 1% village preservation tax on the conveyance of real estate deeds.

Sales Taxes. OAR passed legislation that exempts REALTORS from paying sales taxes on freely distributed advertising materials.

License law changes. OAR was successful in clarifying a number of license law issues including dual agency, buyer brokerage, etc.

Commercial broker's lien law. OAR has passed legislation that allows commercial brokers to file a lien against property to ensure payment of their commission when a transaction is completed.

Mandatory property condition disclosure. OAR initiated and was successful in getting legislation passed that requires sellers to disclose known defects in their property. This legislation serves to protect all parties of the transaction -- seller, buyer, and salesperson.

72 hour cooling off period for real property sales. OAR defeated legislation which would have allowed buyers of real estate a 72 hour cooling off period after the sale had already been agreed to.

Homestead exemption. OAR worked successfully to expand income eligibility to $20,800 for the homestead exemption.

FHA. NAR and OAR prevented the reduction and elimination of the Federal Housing Administration.

Capital gains tax reduction. OAR and NAR obtained a reduction in the capital gains tax that was taken away in the 1986 Tax Reform Act.

Mortgage Interest Deduction. OAR, NAR and your local Board, successfully fought efforts which would have eliminated or placed limitations on the Mortgage Interest Deduction.

Your Voice...Your Investment. The REALTORS Political Action Committee is your best investment in real estate. In today's political arena, you need strength in numbers. By joining thousands of other REALTORS, you make a real impact with those who count - local, state and federal policy makers.

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Creating and Implementing a Fundraising Plan

A. Setting fundraising goals

Raising money for RPAC requires careful planning, a high degree of organization, and thorough implementation of your fundraising plan. A carefully thought out fundraising plan will establish the goals, time schedules and organizational structure for the year. A written script for everyone involved to follow will help everyone work together to have a successful fundraising year.

1. Set goals
Overall dollar goal. Your total fundraising goal for the year should be at the minimum your "Fair Share" total, which is $10 per REALTOR member (Remember that is just 3 cents a day, less than 1 dollar a month.) It is a good idea to set separate goals for corporate contributions and personal contributions.

Percentage of participation goal. In recent years, nearly 50% of NAR members nationwide contributed to RPAC. A very basic rule of fundraising is the more people that are giving on a regular basis, the more money you will raise. Always set a participation goal higher than the previous year's level.

Organizational goal. Where do you want to be as a Local Board? Do you want to raise the most money of any board in your state? Or maybe you want to have a minimum of 'Life Members". The more goals that are set, the greater chance for increased enthusiasm and opportunity for success.

2. Define methods to achieve goals
How will we achieve the goals that we have established? A solid program including a mixture of dues billing, phone banks, special events and direct mail will help you maximize your efforts and income.

3. Establish time frames
Before the year begins, it is imperative to have a timeline in place that clearly outlines when you will be undertaking specific activities. The earlier in the year money is raised, the better off you are. Money raised in November and December does not do much good for the current year. The time schedule for an RPAC drive can vary greatly from state to state and board to board. Many designate an "RPAC Month" or "50 days to goal" time frame to heavily concentrate their efforts and sustain a continuous, focused fundraising drive.

4. Assign responsibility
The more individuals involved in the fundraising process the more enthusiasm and support generated, and the greater number of people solicited. In addition, it is beneficial to have a point person for the different methods of fundraising (Special event chair, Phone bank chair, etc.). Assign specific job responsibilities to everyone involved in the RPAC fundraising process -- Association/Board officers and staff, RPAC Chairmen and trustees, etc. Never assume that anyone knows what they are supposed to do. These individuals are one of your greatest fundraising resources, be sure to use them to your maximum advantage.

B. Contributor files

Fundraising becomes a lot simpler if you know who your contributors are. Be sure to keep your Donor File as current as possible. Post any new contributions, with the codes previously mentioned that identify the mailing or other activity that prompted the donation.

At the minimum, each individual file should include:

  1. Full Name
  2. Salutation
  3. Home address and phone
  4. Company name
  5. Work address and phone
  6. Fax number
  7. Occupation
  8. Congressional District

In addition, it is a good idea to have a section for comments. In this area pertinent information such as Club memberships, past awards, community involvement, personal relationships with state/local leadership, and other pints of interest. An informed fundraiser is a successful fundraiser.

Finally, each record should have a detailed history of the donor's past contributions, in addition to how they donated. Was it from a direct mail solicitation? If so, which one? Have they attended the Rodeo fundraiser each year for the past 5 years? Why not ask them to play a more prominent role this year? This information is invaluable when deciding how much of a contribution to ask for from a particular donor.

If Mr. Jones gave $80 over the course of last year (say $40, $30, and $10 separate contributions), this year you could approach him and say "Thank you for all of your support last year, did you realize you were only $20 away from becoming a Capitol Club Member"?

A thorough contributor file will reveal what motivates people to give and their giving patterns. Those are two large hurdles to have already cleared when racing to the finish line of receiving a contribution.

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Characteristics of a Superb Fundraiser

Why is it "hard" to ask for money? There are several perceptions associated with fundraising that may cause individuals to not enjoy, or even undertake, a fundraising campaign.

They do not want to be seen as beggars. I don't want to go around asking for handouts.

They do not want to impose. The "Do unto Others" reason - I wouldn't want somebody hounding me for a donation.

Talking about money is "taboo" or private. How much money they can afford to contribute is not my business, let them donate if they want.

They fear rejection. What will I do if they say no?

They fear losing social or professional status. Will they feel awkward being asked for money by me? Will this put a strain on our relationship?

All of the above perceptions are flawed for one major reason. Fundraising for RPAC is not about only asking people for money -- as a fundraiser you are providing the prospect with the opportunity to contribute to the continued success of their livelihood. There are four basic qualities that will enable any fundraiser to overcome these obstacles and conduct a successful fundraising campaign.

Take pride in the cause. An enthusiastic and energetic solicitor will generate more contributions (both dollar and number) than a solicitor who looks as though he/she is in pain while asking for money. RPAC truly is your best investment in Real Estate -- everyone working to improve RPAC should be proud of our organization and the work we have done.

Rather than focusing on the money, focus on the opportunity you are giving the prospect to take a pro-active role in the industry. Look at it as you doing a favor for the prospect by allowing him/her to contribute rather than the prospect doing a favor for you by writing the check. Remember, you are not asking for this money for yourself to help pay bills -- the prospect is making an investment in their industry.

Emphasize the tremendous gains for the industry that have resulted because of the work of RPAC and support of donors nationwide. (Refer to Legislative victories)

Educate the prospect on RPAC as an institution: how it is run, what the goals are, what the accomplishments have been, and what our direction is -- to become the largest and most influential PAC in the country. Wouldn't you want that PAC to be representing your interests?

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How to Conduct a Successful RPAC Auction

Some Local Boards conduct RPAC Auctions. Usually, these consist of donated items or services being sold to the highest bidder via either live or "silent" proceedings.

RPAC auction items can range from expensive original artwork such as oil paintings, to handmade tablecloths or jewelry. Some auctions put up for bid such things as a week in a member's cabin in the mountains, or vacation time at the seaside beach house of a member. Virtually any item or merchandise or service can be put up for bid at an RPAC auction, so long as it is desirable or useful enough to draw bidders' interest.

Conducting an RPAC auction also demands consideration of legal aspects, such as: (1) who can contribute merchandise or services (2) how to handle consigned items and (3) who can purchase auction items.

Who Can Contribute Merchandise or Services?
No item of value may be donated for sale at an RPAC auction except by those who can legally contribute to RPAC-NAR members and executives, administrative, or management personnel of the Association.

Consigned Items
Some RPAC auctions receive artwork or other items on a consigned basis at a floor price. If the bidding exceeds the consigned price, the item will be sold to the highest bidder, the consigned price paid to the artist or consignor, and the remainder of the bid price will be contributed to RPAC. If the bidding does not reach the floor price, the item is not sold but is returned to the consignor. In either case, no contribution to RPAC is deemed to be made by the co-signor.

Who Can Purchase Auction Items?
The purchaser of an item at an RPAC auction is deemed to have made a contribution to RPAC, even where a portion of that price is paid to an artist or other consignor. Therefore, you must not sell any auction items to an organization or person not permitted to contribute to RPAC, nor should you ask any non-solicitable person to bid or purchase an auction item.
Properly organized and conducted, RPAC auctions can be a successful way to raise RPAC funds, but several potential disadvantages must be considered.

Amount of Work Involved
Organizing and conducting a successful RPAC auction requires a great deal of work. Merchandise and/or services must be procured for use as auction items. A site must be retained, and this often involves making security arrangements to protect the auction items. The auction must also be properly publicized in order to attract a crowd of bidders composed of solicitable persons. An auctioneer must be found and his or her services retained, and you must conduct the auction in such a manner as to hold the crowd and encourage bids.

Identification with RPAC
Some RPAC auctions draw members who are more interested in the items being auctioned than in contributing to RPAC. In fact, at some RPAC auctions, RPAC is scarcely mentioned at all. Members attending such auctions can leave knowing as little about RPAC as they did when they arrived.

While it is true that a member who buys an item at an RPAC auction will be contributing to RPAC regardless of whether that was his/her primary intent, the educational opportunity involved should be considered. Therefore, you should make sure that you make a "pitch" for RPAC itself at such auctions, so that members will have a clear idea of where their money will be going, and why it is important for them to contribute to RPAC.

Keeping Your Crowd
One of the major problems of an auction is holding your crowd for the duration. Many people tend to wander in and out of auctions, and it is often difficult to hold majority of the crowd initially. But unless your auctioneer is especially gifted in entertaining people and holding their attention, or unless you have some particularly sought-after auction items, you may not retain enough active bidders to make your auction a success.

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